SPI W25QXX Example#

Overview#

This sample demonstrates how to access SPI NOR Flash devices such as W25QXX on K230. It covers device identification, erase/write/read verification, boundary tests, and performance measurements.

Functional Description#

Main Features#

Read JEDEC ID and match the device table
Automatically handle 3-byte and 4-byte address modes
Erase, write, read back, and compare
Test boundary addresses
Measure transfer and erase throughput
Select controller, CS pin, baud rate, test type, address, and size from the command line

Hardware Connection#

The W25QXX device is connected to K230 through SPI:

W25QXX Pin	K230 Side	Description
`VCC`	`3.3V`	power
`GND`	`GND`	ground
`CLK`	SPI clock pin	SPI clock
`DO`	SPI MISO pin	data output
`DI`	SPI MOSI pin	data input
`CS`	SPI chip-select pin	chip select
`WP/HOLD`	`3.3V`	write-protect / hold disabled

Flash Notes#

standard SPI interface
page size: 256 bytes
sample-compatible parts include W25Q16, W25Q32, W25Q64, and W25Q128

Common Commands Covered#

Command	Description
`0x05`	read status register
`0x06`	write enable
`0x20`	4 KB sector erase
`0x52`	32 KB block erase
`0xD8`	64 KB block erase
`0xC7`	chip erase
`0x02`	page program
`0x03`	read data
`0x9F`	read JEDEC ID

Main Functions in the Current Source#

flash_create()
flash_detect_device()
flash_erase_sector()
flash_write()
flash_read_data()
test_read_write_with_params()
test_performance_with_params()

Hardware Notes#

The flash is connected over standard SPI. The sample commonly uses QSPI1 as the default controller, and supports devices such as W25Q16, W25Q32, W25Q64, and W25Q128.

Build and Run#

Build the sample in its example directory, then run it on the board with the desired SPI parameters. Review the source defaults if your board uses different controller or pin assignments.

Typical Test Scope#

The sample is intended to validate:

basic flash identification
sector erase and page programming
data readback at normal and boundary addresses
throughput behavior for write and read paths

Source Location#

Demo source path: src/rtsmart/examples/peripheral/spi_w25qxx

Main source file: test_spi_wq128.c

Usage#

Build#

Firmware Build#

Enable the SPI W25QXX example in make menuconfig, then rebuild the firmware.

Standalone Build#

cd src/rtsmart/examples/peripheral/spi_w25qxx
make

Hardware Preparation#

prepare a W25QXX-series flash module
wire it according to the pin table above
verify power and SPI signal connections

Run#

cd /sdcard/app/examples/peripheral
./spi_w25qxx.elf

Command-Line Arguments#

Argument	Short	Default	Description
`--help`	`-h`	-	show help
`--spi-id`	`-i`	`2`	SPI controller ID
`--cs-pin`	`-c`	`11`	CS GPIO pin
`--baudrate`	`-b`	`10`	SPI baudrate in MHz
`--test`	`-t`	`all`	`info/basic/rw/boundary/perf/all`
`--address`	`-a`	`auto`	start address in hex
`--size`	`-s`	`auto`	test size in KB

`test` Argument Options#

The test argument supports:

info
basic
rw
boundary
perf
all

SPI Controller ID Notes#

Select the SPI controller ID that matches the actual flash connection on your board.

Address and Size Notes#

Use address and size to select the start region and test length. Make sure the selected range is valid for the connected flash device.

View Help#

./spi_w25qxx.elf --help

Example Commands#

./spi_w25qxx.elf
./spi_w25qxx.elf -i 1 -c 14 -b 5
./spi_w25qxx.elf -t perf -a 0x100000 -s 64
./spi_w25qxx.elf -i 0 -t info
./spi_w25qxx.elf -i 1 -t basic -b 20

Expected Result#

The sample prints a summary of the selected tests, including device information, erase/write/read verification, boundary checks, and performance results. On success, it reports that all tests passed.

Tip

Before using SPI flash, make sure the FPIOA pinmux is configured correctly. The target region must normally be erased before writing, and larger-capacity parts may require 4-byte address-mode handling.